How to Make Kyushoku (Japanese School Lunch Recipe)

How to Make Kyushoku (Japanese School Lunch Recipe)

by Megumi Moriya

Japanese School Lunch Bento Lunch Box Set Meal Good For Kids Balanced Meals

When you visit Japan, you can experience almost everything, from Japanese food and activities to the unique places and seasons. However, one thing you can almost never experience, even if you come to Japan, is “kyushoku,” the school lunch system served in public elementary and junior high schools across the country.

Kyushoku is an enjoyable time of the day in school life, with every student looking forward to it. Checking the list of “today’s menu” posted on the classroom wall is a common sight, and finding your favorite dish often brings a moment of excitement. In this article, let’s take a closer look at Japanese kyushoku and what makes it unique.

Kyushoku is typically prepared in the kitchen attached to each school. Each school also has its own registered dietitian, who plans and calculates the nutrition and calories for a well-balanced lunch. This means each school offers different kyushoku every day, and the variety is amazing. Although there are popular kyushoku menus across Japan, the choices largely depend on the region and the registered dietitian at each school.

Kyushoku is served by a group of students who take turns distributing the dishes and cleaning up, wearing apron-like clothes called hakui (white coat). This system teaches students to be responsible for others and to estimate the appropriate portion size when serving from large pots to ensure even distribution.

But the benefits of kyushoku go beyond. In Japan, kyushoku plays an important role in education. Here are some reasons why Japanese kyushoku is appreciated by people from other countries.

  • Balanced Meals: Kyushoku is made using various ingredients daily, carefully calculated to provide about one-third of a student’s daily needs for the five basic nutrients: carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals. In Japan, food ingredients are broadly divided into six major food groups, as outlined by Japanese nutritional guidelines. To achieve a balanced intake, kyushoku follows this principle. Meals are prepared under strict hygiene standards, ensuring children can enjoy nutritious, hygienic school lunches every day.
  • Seasonal and Event-based Foods: Kyushoku often incorporates seasonal vegetables. Japan’s four distinct seasons bring a variety of unique ingredients. Kyushoku also provides traditional menus for seasonal events. For example, chirashi-zushi on Hinamatsuri.
  • Exposure to International Cuisine: Kyushoku sometimes includes Western, Chinese, and other international dishes, offering students a chance to learn about different cultures.
  • Learning Table Manners: Students learn important Japanese table manners through daily meals.
  • Mottainai Mind (Avoiding Waste): Teachers encourage students not to waste food. Sometimes, students learn how much leftover kyushoku is returned to the kitchen. They also develop an appreciation for farmers and kitchen staff.
  • Encouraging Communication: Kyushoku serves as a time for students to interact. Surprisingly, kyushoku is inexpensive, about 300 yen per meal, charged monthly.

Today, I’m introducing one common kyushoku menu: wakame gohan, karaage, kenchin-jiru, cabbage ohitashi, fruit punch, almond fish snack, and milk. These were common in my school life, and my daughter still eats this today!

If you’re interested in learning more about Japanese lunch culture, be sure to check out our full guide on bento boxes, including tips on choosing the best bento boxes for adults.

You might also enjoy exploring the world of umeboshi, Japan’s iconic pickled plums often featured in school lunches.

If you’d like to recreate a Japanese-style lunch set at home, try pairing your meal with simple recipes like Japanese potato salad with crispy bacon, tamagoyaki (Japanese omelet), or kinpira renkon (braised lotus root). These dishes are easy to prepare and go perfectly with a classic kyushoku-style lunch!

Overview

Prep time: 45 mins

Cook time: 45 mins

Total time: 1hr 30mins

Total servings: 4

Difficulty: Medium

Ingredients
  • 300g uncooked rice (for wakame gohan)
  • 1Tbsp mirin (for wakame gohan)
  • 1Tbsp cooking sake (for wakame gohan)
  • 1Tsp salt (for wakame gohan)
  • 5g dried wakame seaweed (for wakame gohan)
  • 600g chicken thighs (for karaage)
  • 2Tbsp soy sauce (for karaage)
  • 2Tbsp cooking sake (for karaage)
  • 2Tsp sesame oil (for karaage)
  • 1Tsp chicken stock powder (for karaage)
  • 15g grated ginger (for karaage)
  • 5g grated garlic,optional (for karaage)
  • 2Tbsp all-purpose flour (for karaage)
  • potato tarch and cooking oil, as needed (for karaage)
  • 100g daikon radish (for kenchinziru)
  • 45g carrot (for kenchinziru)
  • 45g Japanese leek (for kenchinziru)
  • 20g burdock (for kenchinziru)
  • 75g konjac (for kenchinziru)
  • 150g firm tofu (drained) (for kenchinziru)
  • 1Tsp sesame oil (for kenchinziru)
  • 500ml dashi stock (for kenchinziru)
  • 1.5Tbsp lighter soy sauce (for kenchinziru)
  • 1Tbsp mirin (for kenchinziru)
  • salt to taste (for kenchinziru)
  • 100g cabbage (for cabbage ohitashi)
  • 1g bonito flakes (for cabbage ohitashi)
  • 1Tsp lighter soy sauce (for cabbage ohitashi)
  • 100g canned mikan (for fruit punch)
  • 50g syrup (for fruit punch)
  • 100g mixed fruits (for fruit punch)
  • 150ml water (for fruit punch)
  • 50g sugar (for fruit punch)
  • 50g shiratama powder (for fruit punch)
  • 40ml~ water for shiratama (for fruit punch)
  • Milk
  • Almond Fish Snack

Expert's Tip

How to Make Kyushoku (Japanese School Lunch Recipe)

This premium dashi powder blends bonito flakes from Kagoshima, sardines from Nagasaki, shiitake mushrooms, and kelp. Just add to water or dishes for rich umami flavor, perfect for kyushoku-style meals.

Instructions

1) Gather the Ingredients & Prepare the Wakame Gohan (Rice)

Prepare all the ingredients.

Wash the rice and drain the water. Add the mirin and cooking sake, then pour in water until it reaches the two-cup measurement line. Add the salt and gently stir to combine. Start the rice cooker.

While the rice is steaming, soak the dried wakame seaweed in enough water to let it absorb moisture for about 10 minutes. Once fully hydrated, drain thoroughly and finely chop into small pieces.

When the rice is done, gently fluff it from the bottom to mix the flavors evenly. Add the finely chopped wakame and combine well.

2) Prepare the Karaage (Chicken)

To prepare juicy and crispy chicken karaage, start by trimming excess fat and cutting chicken thighs into six pieces each; avoid cutting too small to retain moisture.

Marinate the chicken in a plastic bag with soy sauce, cooking sake, sesame oil, chicken stock powder, grated ginger, and garlic. Seal and refrigerate for at least 30 minutes.

Once marinated, add all-purpose flour directly to the bag and rub to coat evenly. Next, spread the chicken on a tray and lightly dust with potato starch for added crispiness.

Heat enough oil in a pot to 180°C, checking the temperature by inserting chopsticks; small bubbles will indicate readiness. Deep-fry the chicken for about 5 minutes until golden and cooked through.

Use draining rack and drain on a rack before serving.

3) Prepare the Ingredients for the Kenchinziru (Vegetable Soup)

Kenchinziru is one of the famous shijin-ryouri dishes. If you want to make a vegan-style kenchinziru, use the dashi soup stock made with dried kombu seaweed and dried shiitake mushrooms. Cut the ingredients, as shown in the pictures.

4) Sauté and Simmer the Vegetables and Tofu for Kenchinziru

Prepare a pot with sesame oil and add the root vegetables (daikon radish, carrot, and burdock root). Heat it over medium heat for about 1 minute until each vegetable is coated with oil, then add the salt to taste and stir-fry for about 3 minutes. 

Then, add the rest of the ingredients. For the firm tofu, break it into random-sized pieces with a spatula. Add the dashi soup stock and simmer with a lid until cooked.

Once cooked, add the soy sauce and mirin. Heat for about 1 more minute, gently stirring to evenly mix.

5) Prepare Cabbage Ohitashi

While this recipe uses cabbage, you can also make ohitashi with other leafy greens like spinach. Cut the cabbage into bite-sized pieces. Bring a pot of water to a boil, add the cabbage, and boil briefly. Drain and cool under cold running water, then gently squeeze to remove excess moisture.

Transfer to a bowl, add dried bonito flakes and soy sauce, and mix gently to combine.

6) Prepare the Fruit Punch

Canned fruits like mikan oranges and pineapple are commonly used, but apples, bananas, and kiwis also work well.

Prepare a small pot with the water and sugar. Heat it over medium heat with stirring to dissolve the sugar. Once the sugar is dissolved, remove from the heat and cool in a bowl until room temperature. When cooled, add the fruits and transfer the bowl to the fridge.

7) Make Shiratama (Mochi Rice Balls) for the Fruit Punch

While the syrup and fruits are cooling, prepare the shiratama. In a bowl, add shiratama powder and gradually mix in water until the texture feels like an earlobe. Once the dough reaches the right consistency, divide it into about 8g portions and shape into small round balls.

Bring a pot of water to a boil and add the shiratama. They will sink at first, then float to the surface after about 2 minutes. Once floating, transfer them to a bowl of ice water to cool.

After boiling, drain the shiratama and combine with the fruit punch in one bowl.

8) Serve & Enjoy!

Prepare all dishes on a plate. A 200ml pack of milk is a must for Japanese kyushoku, regardless of the main dish, whether it’s bread, rice, pasta, or noodles, milk is always included

This time, I’m introducing “almond fish” which is a popular snack for Japanese kyuushoku made with thinly cut almonds and sweetened small dried fish

Using these dishes, especially wakame gohan, karaage, and cabbage ohitashi, you can make a bento box lunch. I recommend making onigiri with wakame gohan. You can also store them in the freezer. 

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